Use the phrase to emphasize issues are unrelated and should be considered independently. She passed the written test, but the practical exam is a different matter.
Pro Tip 2/3
Conversation Shift
Indicate a shift in conversation to a new topic that needs separate attention. As for our sales figures, they're good. Customer satisfaction, though, is a different matter.
Pro Tip 3/3
Contrasting Importance
Suggest that the second issue has a different level of significance or urgency. He's on time today, but his overall attendance is another matter.