This phrase often appears in legal contexts, implying strict punishment within the law's full extent. After repeated offenses, the court decided to throw the book at the repeat offender.
Pro Tip 2/3
Severity
It highlights the strongest possible action against someone, showing no leniency. The principal decided to throw the book at the students for their prank.
Pro Tip 3/3
Figurative Speech
Understand that it's a figurative term; no physical book is used. When I lied about finishing my chores, my parents decided to throw the book at me.