Palatalization affects how you pronounce consonants, making them sound softer. The 'n' in 'canyon' is palatalized, sounding softer than in 'can'.
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Language Specific
Not all languages use palatalization, so its presence can be a clue to a word's origin. Palatalized sounds in 'pizza' hint at its Italian roots.
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Before Front Vowels
Palatalization often happens before vowels that are pronounced closer to the front of the mouth. In the word 'nature', the 't' is palatalized before the front vowel 'u'.