Penury/ˈpenjəri/ Definition 1 of 2Pro Tip 1/3Economic Hardship Use 'penury' to describe situations of severe financial difficulty, often long-lasting. He wrote his masterpiece while living in penury. Pro Tip 2/3Not Temporary 'Penury' usually implies a chronic condition, not just a momentary lack of funds. The novelist spent most of his life struggling against penury. Pro Tip 3/3Human Context Often used to describe the state of people or populations, not companies or entities. The new policy could leave thousands in penury.