'Potentate' often refers to powerful leaders from history or in a traditional or ceremonial context. The visiting dignitaries treated the elderly monarch as a revered potentate.
Pro Tip 2/3
Power Implication
Using 'potentate' suggests the person holds significant authority and control, often in a political sphere. The potentate issued a decree that would affect millions of people.
Pro Tip 3/3
High Formality
'Potentate' is a formal term and is less likely to be used in everyday conversation or casual settings. At the state banquet, the speaker addressed the king as a mighty potentate.