Used mostly for animals, especially birds feeding their chicks. Mother penguins regurgitate their food to nourish their babies.
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Not Always Illness
Regurgitating doesn't always mean the animal is sick; it can be normal behavior. Healthy young raptors regurgitate pellets consisting of indigestible material.
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Human Context
When referring to humans, it usually implies illness or disgust. He regurgitated his meal after riding the roller coaster.