
Shall
Legal Certainty
Often signals required actions in contracts, indicating obligations with no room for discretion.
Tenants shall provide notice before vacating.
Formal Future
Implies a formal tone when making statements about the future, often used in official contexts.
The ceremony shall begin at noon.
Not Commonly Spoken
Rarely used in everyday conversation; 'will' is more common, especially in American English.
Directors shall meet annually.