Understand that 'caliphate' often refers to period-specific Islamic rule, important in history study. The Ottoman caliphate influenced many laws and customs in the Middle East.
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Cultural Impact
'Caliphate' implies significant cultural and religious leadership beyond mere political rule. The legacy of the Umayyad caliphate can be seen in today's architectural styles.
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Not Always Geographical
The term may also refer to the influence realm of a caliph, not just physical territories. The caliphate extended its educational influence throughout North Africa.