Cuneiform refers specifically to the earliest known writing system developed over 5,000 years ago. The Epic of Gilgamesh is one of the oldest known works of literature, written in cuneiform.
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Clay Tablets
Cuneiform was commonly inscribed on clay tablets which were then baked to preserve the writing. Many cuneiform tablets were used for recording transactions or laws.
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Middle Eastern History
Understanding cuneiform is essential for studying ancient Mesopotamian cultures like the Sumerians and Babylonians. Cuneiform writings provide insights into the administration of ancient Mesopotamian cities.