Understand 'darwinian' relates to Darwin's 19th-century scientific discoveries in evolution. His darwinian viewpoint clashed with 19th-century religious beliefs about creation.
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Metaphorical Use
'Darwinian' can also describe competitive environments, where only the strongest succeed. The corporate world is often described as darwinian.
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Scientific Debate
Know that 'darwinian' can evoke debates on evolution, especially amongst differing belief systems. The science teacher's darwinian stance sparked a heated discussion.