Focuses on the reproductive cells joining which initiates development of a new organism. Fertilization occurs when the sperm cell fuses with an egg cell.
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Pollination Link
Involves pollen in plants, often confused with pollination which is the transfer, not the union. Pollination by bees often leads to the fertilization of flowers.
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Selective Breeding
Used purposely in farming and research to combine desired traits from parents. Selective fertilization helped create a drought-resistant crop variety.