Use 'overheat' to describe machines that may stop working or get damaged from excess heat. When my phone overheats, it shuts down automatically to prevent damage.
Pro Tip 2/3
Heat Causes
'Overheat' implies the heat source is either internal or external, like the sun or a mechanical process. The car's engine can overheat if the cooling system fails.
Pro Tip 3/3
Preventive Care
Mentioning 'overheat' often serves as a warning to take action to prevent harm. Don't use your tablet while charging; it might overheat.