B. R. Ambedkar

Indeed, the Muslims have all the social evils of the Hindus and something more. That something more is the compulsory system of purdah for Muslim women. These burka women walking in the streets is one of the most hideous sights one can witness in India.

Indian Politician

Malala Yousafzai

Pakistanis can't trust. They've seen in history that people, particularly politicians, are corrupt. And they're misguided by people in the name of Islam. They're told: 'Malala is not a Muslim, she's not in purdah, she's working for America.

Pakistani Activist

Understanding 'purdah' requires respect for cultural practices different from one's own.

Cultural Sensitivity

'Purdah' is not practiced by all Muslims or Hindus, it varies with regions and communities.

Not Universal

The term is usually associated with women, highlighting gender roles in certain societies.

Gender Specific

'Purdah' can literally refer to a physical curtain, emphasizing separation from outside views.

Physical Barrier

'Purdah' can be cultural, not just religious, shaping social interactions.

Beyond Religion

The practice has historical roots, not just contemporary relevance.

Historical Practice

In modern contexts, 'purdah' metaphorically implies secrecy, not related to gender.

Metaphorical Secrecy

'Purdah' can be used in politics or journalism to describe periods of confidentiality.

Journalism and Politics

Companies may use 'purdah' to describe quiet phases before major announcements.

Corporate Silence

 is a purdah program director at Smithsonian's global health program she is also the Smithsonian conservation biology Institute chief wildlife veterinary medical officer she leads a team engaged in worldwide efforts to address health issues in endangered